Add &fmt=18 at the end of the URL for high quality video! Istanbul (Turkish: İstanbul, historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see Names of Istanbul) is .\r<br>\r<br>The rise of the Ottoman Empire (12991453) refers to the period which started with the weakening of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the very early 14th century .\r<br>\r<br>The rise of the Ottoman Empire (12991453) refers to the period which started with the weakening of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the very early 14th century .\r<br>\r<br>Eng/Turkish/Nat Turkish archaeologists have unearthed the remains of a once magnificent palace in the heart of Istanbul. The Great Palace of Byzantium was .
