Typhoid fever, also called enteric fever, is caused by salmonella bacteria. Salmonella Typhi<br />Typhoid fever is rare in places where few people carry the bacteria. <br />It also is rare where water is treated to kill germs and where human waste disposal is managed. <br />One example of where typhoid fever is rare is the United States.<br /> Places with the highest number of cases or with regular outbreaks are in Africa and South Asia. <br />It is a serious health threat, especially for children, in places where it is more common.<br />Causes of Typhoid fever<br />Typhoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica subsp. <br />enterica serovar Typhi <br />Growing in the intestines, Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, liver, gallbladder, bone marrow and blood.<br />Typhoid is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person.<br />Risk factors include limited access to clean drinking water and poor sanitation.<br />Those who have not yet been exposed to it and ingest contaminated drinking water or food are most at risk for developing symptoms.<br />Only humans can be infected; there are no known animal reservoirs.<br />Salmonella Typhi which causes typhoid fever is different than the other Salmonella bacteria that usually cause salmonellosis, a common type of food poisoning.<br />
