Composer: Stephen Heller<br />Background: Heller (1813–1888) was a Hungarian pianist and composer who settled in Paris. He was highly regarded in his time, with a career spanning from the generation of Schumann to that of Bizet.<br />Significance: He is best known for his many piano études, but also composed numerous other works for the piano. His work drew inspiration from the famous preludes of Chopin. <br />The piece: Prelude in C-sharp minor, Op. 81, No. 10<br />Composition and context: The prelude is the tenth piece in a set of 24 Preludes, Op. 81, published in 1853. Like Chopin's influential set, Heller's preludes cycle through all the major and minor keys.<br />Style: As a Romantic-era work, the prelude is known for its elegant and expressive nature. It features a singing, melodic line, often accompanied by arpeggiated figures, and makes use of chromaticism. It is an excellent example of leggiero playing, requiring a light, clear touch.<br />Key features:<br />Expressive melody: The central feature is the simple but elegant melody, which should be played expressively to capture the Romantic character of the piece.<br />Leggiero playing: Candidates are tested on their ability to create a light and weightless touch, particularly in the flowing sixteenth-note passages.<br />Right-hand technique: Most of the technical demands are found in the right hand, with an articulated, finger-based touch needed to maintain clarity. <br />Exam context: ABRSM Grade 6 (2023–2024)<br />Syllabus: The piece was included in List A, the category for Baroque and Classical repertoire. It was an option alongside works by Bach and Gambarini.<br />Recommended tempo: While the original editions may suggest a different tempo, the ABRSM exam edition recommended a specific speed for the examination.<br />Learning outcomes: Studying this piece helps candidates develop a sensitivity to the Romantic style, improve their leggiero technique, and hone their skills in balancing melody and accompaniment.
